According to the New Yorker Magazine, which historian coined the phrase Clash of Civilizations, with respect to the relationship between Western Societies and the Muslim world: Samuel Huntington or Bernard Lewis?
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The critically-acclaimed board game MooT consists of tough questions about the nuances of the English language.
Answer: Bernard Lewis
According to LOST IN TRANSLATION (The two minds of Bernard Lewis) by IAN BURUMA (New Yorker 2004-06-14):
"In a famous Atlantic Monthly article from 1990... Lewis speaks of “Muslim rage.” The argument encapsulated by the term goes roughly as follows. The clash between Christendom and Islam has been going on since the Muslims conquered Syria, North Africa, and Spain. Muslims, at the height of their glory, in tenth-century Cairo, thirteenth-century Tehran, or sixteenth-century Istanbul, thought of themselves as far superior to the Christians and Jews among them, who were tolerated as second-class citizens. Since then, however, as Lewis puts it, “the Muslim has suffered successive stages of defeat.” Turks reached Vienna in 1683 but got no farther.
When the rampant West expanded its empires, European ideas penetrated, dominated, and dislocated the Muslim world. It was deeply humiliating for Muslims to be humbled by inferior Christians and Jews (“Crusaders” and “Zionists,” in modern parlance). Traditional ways, which had produced so much glory in the past, were eroded and often destroyed by ill-considered experiments with Marxism, fascism, and national socialism. Out of political and cultural failure came this Muslim rage, directed against the West, the historical source of humiliation, and out of this rage came the violent attempts to establish a new caliphate through religious revolution. (It was Lewis, not Samuel Huntington, who introduced the phrase “clash of civilizations.”)
'In a sense,' Lewis said on C-span after the September 11th attacks, 'they
tm)ve been hating us for centuries, and it
tm)s very natural that they should. You have this millennial rivalry between two world religions, and now, from their point of view, the wrong one seems to be winning.'"
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